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An important aspect of Quality by Design (QbD) is to establish meaningful and realistic specifications. Well-defined specifications control the performance of products, as they derive from ...

For years, the PCB manufacturing industry has needed a robust real-time, comprehensive shop-floor communication standard that would include detailed, bidirectional, machine-to-machine communication, ...

The author discusses the purpose of analysis and testing and the implications for specifications and their underlying statistical distribution. All measurements are ...

A risk-based guard band surrounds a specification limit and is derived from the uncertainty of the reportable value of the analytical procedure, which includes the uncertainty in the reference ...