The familiar five volts standard from back in the TTL days always struck me as odd. Back when I was just a poor kid trying to cobble together my first circuits from the Forrest Mims Engineer’s ...

When starting a new electronics project today, one of the first things that we tend to do is pick the integrated circuits that make up the core of the design. This can be anything from a ...

A variety of logic-circuit techniques have been in use since the 1960s, when integrated logic first came into existence. In the beginning was Resistor-Transistor Logic (RTL). Then came ...

This Design Idea describes a new class of logic gates, which we have named resistor-FET-logic, aka “RFL.” How do we know it is new? While FET switches are common today, we have been unable to find a ...