The effect of a particular cytokine on a given cell depends on the cytokine, its extracellular abundance, the presence and abundance of the complementary receptor on the cell surface, and downstream …

Think of a cytokine as a key and the receptor on the receiving cell like a lock. When the cytokine (key) enters the cytokine receptor (lock), the receiving cell receives a message that tells it what to do.

Jan 30, 2026 · Cytokine, any of a group of small, short-lived proteins that are released by one cell to regulate the function of another cell, thereby serving as intercellular chemical messengers.

Aug 5, 2025 · The term “cytokine” refers to a broad class of molecules, including interleukins, interferons, tumor necrosis factors, colony-stimulating factors, chemokines, and growth factors.

Cytokine storm, or cytokine release syndrome (CRS) in severe COVID-19 cases results from a dysregulated immune response, marked by delayed production of type-I and type-III IFNs and a …

3 days ago · A new set of tools allows researchers to tag cells that receive signals from immune molecules called cytokines. The method reveals, for the first time, when, where, and how cells react …

This action may occur in an autocrine (acts on same cell), paracrine (acts on nearby cell) or endocrine (acts on distant cell; not the normal manner for cytokine responses) manner.

The cytokine shows a different biological activity spectrum, in particular in its action of differentiating normal and B lymphocytes, and as an immunomodulator of macrophage activity. It also has an …

Aug 4, 2025 · The balance of cytokine activity is important for maintaining overall health. When functioning correctly, cytokines enable the immune system to effectively combat pathogens and …

Some cytokines exhibit proinflammatory effects, while some cytokines generate anti-inflammatory responses. This book will provide vital updates on experimental outcomes on cytokines, cytokine …